青田县，地处浙江南部波状丘陵地带，以青田石雕著称。青田石雕以高质量的叶腊石、硬度适合雕刻的硅酸盐为材料，根据色彩、原料、图案不同，有着超过100种石雕品种。

The county of Qingtian, in the rolling hills of southern Zhejiang province, is famous for the stone carving crafts that are made of high-quality pyrophyllite, a type of silicate with the perfect hardness for carving and sculptures that comes in more than 100 varieties, depending on color, source, and pattern.

　　最好的青田石（青田县储量丰富的叶腊石）有着透明的、水母般的纹理。当它用来雕刻人像，连头发丝都能描绘得清晰可见；当它用来制作印章、图章，雕刻工具可非常流畅地在表面划过，即使用了很久，上面雕刻的印记也不会模糊。

The best type of Qingtian stone (the pyrophyllite found in large amounts in the county) has a translucent, jelly-like texture. When it’s used to represent human figures, even the hair can be delineated clearly and when used to make seals or signets with Chinese characters, the carver’s tool can move very smoothly across the surface and the edges of the characters do not change even after long use.

　　没有人知道青田石是上面时候开始被用来雕刻的，但是浙江博物馆正在展示的被雕刻在青田石上的四只小猪表明这件雕刻作品至少追溯到六朝时期（222-589），因此，青田石雕至少有1500年的历史，并且多年来，雕刻工艺已经得到了提高。

No one knows when the Qingtian stone was first used for carving, but a set of four baby pigs carved from the stone that are on display in the Zhejiang Museum indicate that the carving craft dates back at least to the Six Dynasties period (222-589), so the art form is at least 1,500 years old, and the craftsmanship has improved over the years.

　　唐代（618-904），雕刻者丰富雕刻主题、发明新的雕刻技术。宋代（960-1279），他们参考翡翠雕刻技术强调每个青田石的特色，同时开始用极其精密的技术展现层次感。元代（1271-1368）、明代（1368-1644）时期，青田石雕深受学者欢迎，到清代（1644-1912），青田石雕常常被选为贵族的贡品。

By the Tang Dynasty (618-907), the carvers were expanding their motifs and inventing new techniques. During the Song Dynasty (960-1279) they borrowed jade carving techniques to highlight the characteristics of each individual stone and began to create tiered pieces with extreme subtlety. During the Yuan (1271-1368) and Ming (1368-1644) dynasties, Qingtian stone items became popular with scholars and, in the Qing Dynasty (1644-1912), the carvings were chosen for royal tributes.

　　1949年中华人民共和国成立之后，青田石雕持续地发展，大部分的产品雕刻主题为风景、花鸟、人像等这样符合中国审美的传统主题。近几年，许多富有天赋的手工艺人涌现，他们的作品使青田石雕更加丰富与饱满。

After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, the craft developed steadily, with traditional themes, including landscapes, flowers, birds, and human figures which fit Chinese aesthetics, continuing to be the majority of the products. And many talented craftsmen have emerged in recent years and their brilliant works enriched the Qingtian stone carvings.

　　2006年，青田石雕被列入国家级非物质文化遗产名录，同时已经发展为价值数百万的产业，有从业者23000名，客户分布40个不同国家和地区。

Then in 2006, the craft was added to the list of national cultural heritage and it has grown into a multi-million-yuan industry that employs 23,000 people and reaches customers in 40 countries and regions.

（中国网综合 翻译 尤迎宁）

来源： 中国网综合    | 作者：中国网综合 翻译 尤迎宁    | 责编：胡金    审核：张渊

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